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基础概念

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RabbitMQ

接收，存储，转发消息

message

数据

producer

发送消息者

producer.png

Figure 1: producer

queue

类似于邮箱

queue.png

Figure 2: queue

consumer

等待接受消息者

consumer.png

Figure 3: consumer

AMQP

通用的消息协议

Hello World

hello_world.png

Figure 4: send/receive message

发送消息

sending.png

Figure 5: send/receive message

  • 和RabbitMQ服务器建立连接 
    #!/usr/bin/env python
import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    'localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
  • 声明要发送消息的队列 
    channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
  • 发送消息给exchange 
    channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                      routing_key='hello',
                      body='Hello World!')
print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")
  • 关闭连接 
    connection.close()

接收消息

receiving.png

Figure 6: send/receive message

  • 创建连接，声明队列 
    #!/usr/bin/env python
import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    host='localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()

channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
  • 编写接受消息的回调函数 
    def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body)
  • 给队列注册回调函数 
    channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue='hello',
                      no_ack=True)
  • 开始准备接受消息 
    print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()

测试

  • 创建队列，准备接受消息 
    $ python receive.py
[*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C
[x] Received 'Hello World!'
  • 发送消息 
    $ python send.py
[x] Sent 'Hello World!'

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